公民入籍100道考题（上）

即将迎来的是美国人最重要丶最盛大的节日－圣诞节。现在的大街小巷丶各大商场，每家每户已经开始张灯结彩地有了圣诞的气氛。马上要过节放假了每个人都期盼着假期的到来。 

 
最近准备要为入籍考试的人，可以趁这个假期好好在家休息的同时复习考题。以下是入籍考试题目，是律师精心整合出来的，送给入籍考试的同学圣诞节小彩蛋，准备考试的同学，可以熟读这些题目做好笔记，祝愿都能顺利通过入籍考试。 
 
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT /美国政府 
 
A. Principals of American Democracy/美国民主原则 
 
1. What is the supreme law of the land?/美国的最高法律是什么？ 
答：The Constitution /宪法 
 
2. What does the Constitution do?/宪法的作用是什么？ 
答：Sets up the government /建立政府体制 
答：Defines the government /定义政府 
答：Protects basic rights of Americans保护美国人的基本权利 
 
3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? /宪法的前三个字说明自治的概念。这三个字是什么？ 
答：We the People /我们人民 
 
4. What is an amendment?/什么是修正案？ 
答：A change (to the Constitution) /（宪法的）更正 
答：An addition (to the Constitution) /（宪法的）补充 
 
5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?/宪法的前十项修正案称为什么？ 
答：The Bill of Rights /权利法案 
 
*6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? /列举宪法第一条修正案中的一项权利或自由 
答：Speech /言论自由 
答：Religion /宗教自由 
答：Assembly /集会结社的自由 
答：Press /出版自由 
答：Petition the government /向政府请愿的自由 
 
7. How many amendments does the Constitution have? /宪法有几条修正案？ 
答：Twenty-seven (27) /二十七(27) 条 
 
8. What did the Declaration of Independence do?/《独立宣言》的作用是什么？ 
答：Announced our independence (from Great Britain) /宣布美国（脱离英国而）独立 
答：Declared our independence (from Great Britain) /宣告美国（脱离英国而）独立 
答：Said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) / 表示美国（脱离英国而）独立 
 
9. What are two rights in the Declarationof Independence?/列举《独立宣言》中的两项权利？ 
答：Life / 生命（的权利） 
答：Liberty /自由（的权利） 
答：Pursuit of happiness /追求幸福（的权利） 
 
10. What is freedom of religion?/什么是宗教自由？ 
答：You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. /你可以信仰任何宗教，也可以不信仰任何宗教 
 
*11. What is the economic system in the United States?/美国的经济制度是什么？ 
答：Capitalist economy /资本主义经济 
答：Market economy /市场经济 
 
12. What is the “rule of law”?/“法治”是什么？ 
答：Everyone must follow the law. /人人都应遵守法律 
答：Leaders must obey the law. /领导人必须遵守法律 
答：Government must obey the law. /政府必须遵守法律 
答：No one is above the law. /没有任何人在法律之上 
 
B. System of Government/政府体制 
 
*13. Name one branch or part of the government./列举政府体制的一个分支或部门 
答：Congress /国会 
答：Legislative /立法部门 
答：President /总统 
答：Executive /行政部门 
答：The courts /法院 
答：Judicial /司法部门 
 
14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?/什么防止一个政府分支变得过于强大？ 
答：Checks and balances /制衡 
答：Separation of powers /权力分立 
 
15. Who is in charge of the executive /谁负责行政部门？ 
答：The President /总统 
 
16. Who makes federal laws?/谁制定联邦法律？ 
答：Congress /国会 
答：Senate and House (of Representatives)/参议院和众议院 
答：(U.S. or national) legislature /（美国或国家）立法部门 
 
*17. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?/美国国会由哪两个部分组成？ 
答：The Senate and House (of Representatives) /参议院与众议院 
 
18. How many U.S. Senators are there?/美国参议员有几位？ 
答：One hundred (100) /一百(100) 位 
 
19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?/我们选出的美国参议员任职多少年？ 
答：Six (6) /六年 
 
*20. Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators?/您所在州的现任一位美国参议员的名字是什么？ 
答：请点击查看您所在州的现任参议员。 
 
21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members?/众议院中有投票权的众议员有几位？ 
答：Four hundred thirty-five (435) /四百三十五(435) 位 
 
22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?/我们选出的美国众议员任职多少年？ 
答：Two (2) /两（2）年 
 
23. Name your U.S. Representative./列举您所在选区的美国众议员的名字？ 
答：请点击查看您所在州的议员名字。 
 
24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent?/美国参议员代表何人？ 
答：All people of the state /其所在州的所有人民。 
 
25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states? /为什么有些州的众议员人数比其他州多？ 
答：(because of) the state’s population/（由于）该州的人口。 
答：(because) they have more people /（由于）该州有更多人口。 
答：(because) some states have more people /（由于）该州的人口比其他州多 
 
26. We elect a President for how many years?/我们选出的总统任职多少年？ 
答：Four (4) /四(4) 年 
 
*27. In what month do we vote for President?/我们在哪一个月份选总统？ 
答：November /十一月 
 
*28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?/现任美国总统的名字是什么？ 
答：Donald Trump /唐纳德·特朗普 
 
29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?/现任美国副总统的名字是什么？ 
答：Mike Pence/迈克·彭斯 
 
30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?/如果总统不能视事，则由谁成为总统？ 
答：the Vice President /副总统 
 
31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?/如果总统和副总统都不能视事，则由谁成为总统？ 
答：the Speaker of the House /众议院议长 
 
32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the Military? /谁是三军统帅？ 
答：the President /总统 
 
33. Who signs bills to become laws?/谁签署法案使之成为法律？ 
答：the President /总统 
 
34. Who vetoes bills? /谁否决法案？ 
答：the President /总统 
 
35. What does the President’s Cabinet do?/总统的内阁做什么事？ 
答：advises the President /向总统提出建议 
 
36. What are two Cabinet-level positions?/两个内阁级别的职位是什么？ 
答：Secretary of Agriculture /农业部长 
答：Secretary of Commerce /商务部长 
答：Secretary of Defense /国防部长 
答：Secretary of Education /教育部长 
答：Secretary of Energy /能源部长 
答：Secretary of Health and Human 健康与人类服务部长 
答：Secretary of Homeland Security /国土安全部长 
答：Secretary of Housing and Urban 住宅与都市发展部长 
答：Secretary of Interior /内政部长 
答：Secretary of State 国务卿 
答：Secretary of Transportation/交通部长 
答：Secretary of Treasury /财政部长 
答：Secretary of Veterans’ Affairs /退伍军人事务部长 
答：Secretary of Labor /劳工部长 
答：Attorney General /司法部长 
答：Vice President /副总统 
 
37. Does the judicial branch do?/司法部门做什么？ 
答：Reviews laws /审查法律 
答：Explains laws /解释法律 
答：Resolves disputes (disagreements)/解决争论（意见不一致） 
答：Decides if a law goes against the Constitution /决定某一法律是否抵触宪法 
 
38. What is the highest court in the United States? /美国最高法院是什么？ 
答：The Supreme Court /联邦最高法院 
 
39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court? /最高法院有几位大法官？ 
答：Nine (9) / 9 位 
 
40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States? /美国首席大法官是谁？ 
答：John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.)/约翰‧罗伯兹（小约翰G.罗伯兹) 
 
41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? /根据我国宪法，有些权力属于联邦政府。联邦政府的一项权力是什么？ 
答：to print money /印制钞票 
答：to declare war /宣战 
答：to create an army /创立军队 
答：to make treaties /签订条约 
 
42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states? /根据我国宪法，有些权力属于州政府。州政府的一项权力是什么？ 
答：Provide schooling and education /提供学校及教育 
答：provide protection (police) /提供保护(警察) 
答：Provide safety (fire departments) /提供安全（消防局） 
答：Give a driver’s license /核发驾驶执照 
答：Approve zoning and land use /批准区划与土地使用 
 
43. Who is the Governor of your state?/您居住州的现任州长是谁？ 
答：请点击查看您所在州的现任州长。 
 
*44. What is the capital of your state?/你所在州的首府为何？ 
答：请点击查看你所在州的首府。 
 
*45. What are the two major political parties in the United States? / 美国当今两大政党为何？ 
答：Democratic and Republican /民主党和共和党 
 
46. What is the political party of the President now? /现任总统属于哪个政党？ 
答：Republican(Party) /共和党 
 
47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?/众议院的议长是谁？ 
答：Paul Ryan/保罗．莱恩 
 
C. Rights and Responsibilities/权力与责任 
 
48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them./宪法中有四个关于谁可以投票的修正案。试举一个。 
答：Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote). /十八(18) 岁以上的公民（可以投票） 
答：You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote. /您投票不必缴钱（缴投票税） 
答：Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.) /任何公民都可以投票（男性与女性都可以投票） 
答：A male citizen of any race (can vote) 任何种族的男性公民（都可以投票） 
 
*49. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens? 列举一项美国公民才有的责任？ 
答：Serve on a jury /当陪审员 
答：Vote /在联邦选举中投票 
 
50. Name one right only for United States citizens./列举一项美国公民才享有的权利 
答：Vote in a federal election /在联邦选举中投票的权利 
答：Run for federal office /竞选公职的权利 
 
 
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